Phonics
Phonics are sounds that letters make that make up words.
• The English language tends to be difficult due to words being borrowed from other languages. (German, French, Latin, Greek, etc.)
Syllables
Syllables are a word or a part of a word with one vowel sound in it.
Vowels
Vowels create two sounds (long or short)
•When a short word has only one vowel, this word makes a short vowel sound .
• When a short word has two or more vowels, this word makes a long vowel sound.
• The closed syllable rule is when a vowel has a consonant after it that vowel always says its short sound.
• The sound of the short “a” changes just a little bit when “a” has a “m” or “n” after it.
• Rule of Silent E- at the end of a word does not make a sound. It usually changes the sound of the vowel before it. The vowel says it s own name, the long sound.
• Open syllable rule. A syllable is open when that syllable ends in a vowel with no consonant following it.
Consonants
• Blend: a group of two or more consonants, which stand side by side in a word and blend their sounds together.
• Diagraph: two consonants together making one sound.
• R control: when the vowel is controlled by R.
• Q: in English, “Q” always stands with “u”
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